Electricity prices in France 2023
In 2023, the average wholesale day-ahead electricity price in France was € 0.0973 /kWh (▼65% vs 2022). Below is the month-by-month breakdown plus a chart of how prices moved through the year.
Monthly breakdown — 2023
| Month | €/MWh | €/kWh | MW |
|---|---|---|---|
| January 2023 | € 132.56 | € 0.1326 | 62,223 |
| February 2023 | € 148.84 | € 0.1488 | 60,709 |
| March 2023 | € 111.98 | € 0.1120 | 52,857 |
| April 2023 | € 106.41 | € 0.1064 | 46,892 |
| May 2023 | € 77.56 | € 0.0776 | 40,895 |
| June 2023 | € 91.45 | € 0.0914 | 41,577 |
| July 2023 | € 77.78 | € 0.0778 | 42,068 |
| August 2023 | € 91.13 | € 0.0911 | 40,144 |
| September 2023 | € 88.81 | € 0.0888 | 42,428 |
| October 2023 | € 84.38 | € 0.0844 | 43,349 |
| November 2023 | € 88.78 | € 0.0888 | 53,000 |
| December 2023 | € 68.52 | € 0.0685 | 57,661 |
France operates the world's most nuclear-intensive electricity grid: 56 reactors generate around 65% of national supply, plus 12% from hydropower and a fast-growing 14% from wind and solar. RTE, the state TSO, manages the single FR bidding zone — the largest synchronous bloc in Europe. The 2022 fleet-wide stress-corrosion crisis cut nuclear output to a 30-year low, briefly making France a net importer; capacity has since recovered.
Day-ahead clearing happens on EPEX SPOT Paris. The 2024 multi-annual energy plan calls for 6 new EPR2 reactors plus ambitious 100 GW solar and 40 GW offshore wind by 2050.
France is electrically coupled to Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands, the UK (via 4 GW HVDC), Italy, Spain, and Switzerland — making it the largest power exporter in the EU during low-demand periods. Heating is dominated by direct electric resistance, which makes winter cold spells the dominant driver of peak demand.